Life as a pre-medical student has always been difficult. In addition to taking difficult science classes, juggling extracurriculars, and maintaining work-life balance, aspiring doctors must sit through the longest standardized test ever created for any pre-professional discipline: the MCAT.

With 230 questions and a total testing time of 6 hours and 15 minutes, this test is notorious for crushing the hopes and dreams of pre-med students. It is also, however, the gateway to success for every aspiring doctor, and a necessary step in the medical school application process. While there is much debate about what is absolutely necessary to get into medical school, the one thing that most people agree on is a good MCAT score. If you have your grades and MCAT score in a good place, you can have more fun with the rest of your pre-med choices.

The good news is that, while preparing for the test may be stress-inducing to a new level, it can be done and done well. We have a few in-house experts who have achieved nearly-perfect scores on the MCAT, so we’re here to help.

At Atlantis, we want to calm the anxiety of our pre-meds by shedding light on the test, starting specifically with explaining MCAT scores. When you’ve finally taken the test, burned all of your notes (just kidding, those are important), and resigned yourself to waiting for your score to be released, the last thing you want to be met with when finally receiving it is a feeling of “huh???”

You might be surprised to find out that MCAT scores are not as straight forward as you might think, but stick around and we’ll explain everything you need to know in this article.

When the AAMC (the institution that writes and scores the MCAT) decided to update the MCAT in 2015 from a three-hour ordeal to a six-hour marathon, pre-meds were thrown into confusion and a fit of hair-pulling. Not only did they add in a few new subjects (Biochemistry, Psychology, and Sociology), but they also changed the entire scoring system for the MCAT. In order to help you determine your MCAT goals and interpret your score a month after test day, we have put together a short explanation of the MCAT scoring situation.

When you receive your MCAT test score, you will see four different elements describing your performance:

• score
• percentile rank
• confidence band, and
• score profile

We will begin with the overall score.

This is a sample MCAT score report. How much of it makes sense to you? If you’re scratching your head in confusion, don’t worry. By the end of this article, everything should be clear.

Score

The overall score is the most basic part of your score. Each of the four individual sections of the MCAT are worth 132 raw points, with 118 being the lowest possible section score. The number of correct questions in each section is scored and is then converted to a scaled score. If you score between 35 and 37 on one of the sections, your score would then be scaled to 123.

The grading is solely based on the number of questions correctly answered, there is no penalty for either a question left blank or an incorrect answer which is different compared to many standardized tests. For this reason, it is always encouraged that you make your most educated guess for each question.

Every point counts!

Therefore, as a whole, the entire exam is worth 528 points, with a range of 472 to 528. See Graphic 1, an AAMC resource that displays the range of MCAT raw scores for MCAT 2015:

The midpoint of each individual section on the MCAT is a 125. Therefore, with all the sections combined, the midpoint score of the entire exam is a 500.  The average pre-med student (the 50th percentile) scores somewhere between a 498 and a 502 on the exam.

Percentile Rank

The percentile rank you receive in your report is not based solely on your raw scores (the number of questions you answer correctly) but rather on the performance of all the other students who have taken the exam. This means that your score reflects how well you did on the exam compared to all the other students who took it.

Every year on May 1, the percentile ranks data is updated from the past 3 years and provide both you and the AAMC with data reflecting meaningful changes in the scoring of the examinees.

According to the AAMC’s website, “percentile ranks show the percentages of test takers who received the same scores or lower scores on the exam than they did. They show how their scores compare to the scores of other examinees.”

For example, see Table 1 for a compilation of the percentile ranks for the 2017-2018 MCAT:

To give you an idea of how to read this, let’s say you scored a 509 on the MCAT during this period. That means you would have performed better than 79% of the test-takers. Not bad!

Remember the ~50% or basic average is a score between 500 and 501, and max achievable is 528, so with every extra point in your total score is a significant bump up in the percentile ranking.

Each section of the MCAT is graded the same way individually. For example, see Table 2 for the spread of percentile ranks for the Chemical and Physical Foundations of Biological Systems section of the MCAT for 2017-2018.

If you scored a 127 on this section of the MCAT, you would have performed better than 77% of the other students who took this section.

Confidence Band

When you receive your MCAT score, there will be a column next to your raw scores that is labeled “Confidence Band.” (see Figure 1)

What does this mean? The confidence band portion of your score simply describes the range of the accuracy of your MCAT scores. According to the AAMC website, “scores from the MCAT will not be perfectly precise. Confidence bands help signal the inaccuracy of test scores and are intended to discourage distinctions between applicants with similar scores.” For example, if you receive a score of 127 on your CARS section, with a confidence band of 126-128, this means that your score, after taking into account the flaws of the grading system, was actually somewhere between a 126 and a 128. This helps medical schools get a more accurate picture of how you scored when taking into account the inherent flaws of a standardized test. This system also encourages medical schools to consider students who scored within just a few points of each other similarly.

If one student scored a 128 on their CARS section and another student scored a 126 on the same section, they would both be placed in the confidence band of 126-128. This is showing to medical schools that though there may seem like a difference in the applicant’s raw scores about how they did overall, there is none. The “true scores” may contain some inaccuracies or may “likely lie,” bringing in the Confidence Bands to work in favor of the student.

We know this is a little confusing, but the bottom line is that the confidence band should ultimately work in your favor. You can be sure that if there is one point separating you and another applicant, the admissions board won’t really be able to hold that against you in favor of the other applicant. It may be that your true score is closer to the higher number in the confidence band, and the other applicant’s is closer to the lower number, therefore equalizing the playing field.

“The confidence band helps medical schools get a more accurate picture of how you scored when taking into account the inherent flaws of a standardized test.”

Score Profile

Figure 2 | MCAT Score Profile (Source: AAMC)

The final portion of your MCAT score is your score profile. The profile is given for each section and helps you understand which sections were your strengths and which were your weaknesses. See Figure 2 for an example of a score profile.

You can see from this hypothetical score profile that the student performed just below average in the first section, well below average in the second section, and above average in the last two sections.

What’s the purpose of the MCAT score profile?

Since you will never receive specific details on which questions on the MCAT you answered incorrectly, it’s helpful to see some sort of breakdown when you receive your score. This way, at least you have a general idea of which subjects you knocked out of the park and which sections could use some work. If you choose to take the MCAT again, you can use this score profile to help you know on which sections you should be focusing your efforts.

What do I need to score on the MCAT to get accepted to medical school?

So, what is a good MCAT score?

According to the AAMC, the average score for an applicant to medical school is a 501.8, while the average score for a matriculant (someone who actually gets accepted and then goes to medical school) is a 508.7. The unspoken rule is that if you score higher than a 508, you will probably be accepted to one medical school.

However, that ignores the dozens of other important variables that affect your acceptance, such as involvement in extracurriculars and your cumulative GPA. Also, medical schools vary widely in what a competitive score looks like for their school. For example, the median MCAT score for a student accepted to Vanderbilt School of Medicine is a 520, while the median MCAT score for a student accepted to Texas A&M College of Medicine is a 510.

The best answer to the question above is: you should aim to score competitively for the school you hope to attend.

Once you understand your score…

Wherever you are in the process, from a high school senior to a college junior, take the time now to understand how the MCAT is scored. That way, you can set realistic goals for yourself and how much time you should devote to the test. When score reveal day comes and you open up your score, you will know how to interpret it and which medical schools you should apply to.

The AAMC Medical School Admissions Requirements (MSAR) resource has all of these statistics and more for each medical school, if you are planning on applying to an MD (allopathic) program. If you are considering applying to an OD (osteopathic) program, you can take advantage of a new resource, Choose DO, that was released by the AACOM (American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine) specifically to provide the same kind of information for all of the Osteopathic medical schools in the U.S.

These resources are important compliments to your score report, as they will help you narrow down the list of schools that it would make the most sense for your to apply to (and the ones you have the best chance of getting in to) according to your MCAT score.

Best of luck!